The pollution season has started in the north. What can be done beyond wearing masks and using air purifiers? Dr Rajesh Chawla, senior consultant, respiratory and critical care at Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, says, “Staying indoors during high pollution days is crucial, as is keeping windows closed to prevent outside air from entering. Using plants that naturally filter the air, such as spider plants or peace lilies, can help improve indoor air quality. It is advisable to limit outdoor activities, especially strenuous exercise, during peak pollution times. Advocating for cleaner transportation options, like cycling or public transportation, can reduce personal carbon footprints and contribute to broader environmental improvements. Additionally, participating in community cleanup events promotes awareness and collective action against sources of pollution. Finally, informing oneself and others about the impact of pollution can lead to informed choices and advocacy for policies to reduce emissions and improve air quality.

Does the diet help in any way?

Diet can play an important role in mitigating the effects of pollution on health. A diet rich in antioxidants, such as fruits and vegetables, can help combat oxidative stress caused by pollutants. Foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids, such as salmon and walnuts, are known to support cardiovascular health and

can counteract some of the harmful effects of air pollution. Incorporating whole grains and fiber-rich foods can improve gut health, which is increasingly linked to overall well-being and immune function. Additionally, staying hydrated helps the body eliminate toxins more effectively. Some studies suggest that specific nutrients, like vitamins C and E, may protect against respiratory illnesses exacerbated by polluted air.

What are the serious effects of pollution that we should be wary of?

Exposure to air pollution is primarily linked to respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which can significantly impair lung function. Additionally, pollutants like particulate matter (PM2.5) are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, including heart attacks and strokes. Long-term exposure has also been linked to various forms of cancer, particularly lung cancer.

Vulnerable populations such as children, the elderly, and those with pre-existing health conditions are at increased risk of serious outcomes from exposure to air pollution. Additionally, pollutants can harm mental health and cognitive functions, leading to increased rates of anxiety and depression.

When to consult a doctor?

Individuals should seek medical attention if they experience symptoms that may indicate serious health problems related to exposure to pollution. These symptoms include a persistent cough, wheezing, or shortness of breath that gets worse over time. People suffering from respiratory or cardiovascular problems should be particularly vigilant; any exacerbation of these conditions warrants immediate consultation with a healthcare professional. Other worrying signs include chest pain, frequent headaches, or unusual fatigue that doesn’t go away with rest. If symptoms persist despite avoiding polluted environments or using prescribed medications, it is crucial to seek medical evaluation to detect possible underlying issues related to exposure to air quality .