Last update:October 29, 2024, 1:10 p.m. IST

Diwali, although a time of joyful celebration, must be approached with caution to ensure that those with respiratory vulnerabilities are protected and can enjoy the season without compromising their health.

Delhi ranked sixth on the list of the most polluted Indian cities on October 26. (PTI)

With the post-monsoon season, the air quality in Delhi deteriorates significantly, and this increase in pollution levels poses a health concern, especially for people suffering from respiratory problems. Dr Manish Garg, Consultant Pulmonologist at Curewell Specialist Clinic and BLK-Max Super Specialty Hospital, highlights the impact and offers advice on how people suffering from asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other respiratory problems can protect against associated health risks. with increased pollution around Diwali.

Understanding the increase in pollution

Air pollution in Delhi intensifies in the months leading up to winter due to several aggravating factors. Stubble burning in neighboring states adds a significant amount of smoke and particulate matter to the air. At the same time, changes in atmospheric conditions during winter cause pollutants to persist and accumulate in the air instead of dispersing. The festive season also contributes to increased pollution as fireworks and firecrackers are commonly used during Diwali celebrations, leading to an increase in particulate matter and other pollutants.

Impact on respiratory health

Although exposure to polluted air is harmful to everyone, people with pre-existing respiratory conditions experience increased adverse effects. “Pollution in Delhi increases after the monsoon due to a combination of factors such as stubble burning, atmospheric changes and fireworks during Diwali. Year after year this causes serious air quality problems in the city, and although poor air quality affects everyone, for some the effects are much more detrimental than for others,” says Dr. Garg. People with asthma, COPD, or other chronic respiratory illnesses may experience worsening symptoms or even require hospitalization during this time. Higher levels of air pollution can exacerbate symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing and chest pain and, in severe cases, can even increase the risk of developing these conditions in previously healthy people. health.

Practical tips for managing respiratory health

To help mitigate the harmful effects of poor air quality, people with respiratory problems should consider the following preventive measures:

1. Limit outdoor activitiesAvoid outdoor activities in heavily polluted areas, especially on days when air quality is particularly poor. Monitoring local air quality reports can help individuals plan activities at safer times, typically early morning or late evening, when pollution levels tend to be lower.
2. Use masks in polluted areasFor necessary outings, wearing a mask can provide additional protection against particles. Masks designed for pollution, such as N95 or N99 masks, can filter out a significant amount of harmful particles, helping to reduce the inhalation of pollutants.
3. Monitor lung health regularlyPeople with breathing problems may consider using a peak flow meter to monitor their lung function at home. By keeping track of their peak flow readings, they can detect early signs of reduced lung function, allowing them to take preventative measures before symptoms worsen.
4. See a doctor and have an action planWorking with a healthcare professional to develop a personalized action plan is crucial. This plan should include what to do when symptoms worsen, helping patients manage flare-ups more effectively and potentially reducing the need for emergency interventions.
5. Maintain essential medicationsFor people with asthma or COPD, it is essential to keep medications such as inhalers and bronchodilators easily accessible. Regular inhalation therapy, as prescribed, should be followed without interruption, especially during high-risk periods. Having an inhaler on hand can provide immediate relief in the event of an asthma attack or sudden respiratory distress.

By adopting these preventive measures and making lifestyle changes, people suffering from respiratory problems can better protect their health amid rising pollution levels in Delhi.

Diwali, although a time of joyful celebration, must be approached with caution to ensure that those with respiratory vulnerabilities are protected and can enjoy the season without compromising their health.