Loss of bladder control is known as urinary incontinence (UI), which occurs when a movement or activity puts pressure on the bladder, causing urine flee. Cough, laughingExamples of movements include sneezing, running, and lifting heavy objects.

In an interview with HT Lifestyle, Dr. Purvi Khatari, Gynecologist at Dr. Purvi Khatri Advanced Gynecology and Fertility Clinic in Surat, shared, “Urinary incontinence is a common condition that affects individuals, esp. womenand can have a significant impact on quality of life. Although there are surgical options, various non-surgical treatments can effectively manage urinary incontinence. These treatments can be broadly classified into behavioral therapies, medications, physical therapies, and devices. She developed –

1. Behavioral therapies

• Bladder training: This involves scheduling toilet visits at regular intervals and gradually increasing the time between visits. Over time, this can help increase bladder capacity and reduce urgency.
• Pelvic floor exercises (Kegel exercises): Strengthening your pelvic floor muscles can help manage stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and urge urinary incontinence (UUI). Patients learn techniques to effectively identify and contract these muscles, thereby improving bladder control.
• Dietary changes: Certain foods and drinks can irritate the bladder, leading to increased urgency or frequency. Common culprits include caffeine, alcohol, spicy foods, and acidic fruits. Reducing or eliminating them from the diet can be beneficial.
• Fluid management: Adjusting fluid intake, such as ensuring adequate hydration while managing fluid intake at certain times, can help control symptoms.

2. Medicines

Several medications can help treat urinary incontinence, including urge incontinence. These include:

• Anticholinergics: These medications help relax the bladder and reduce the frequency of contractions.
• Beta-3 adrenergic agonists: These medications work by relaxing the bladder muscle and increasing its capacity, helping to control urgency.
• Topical estrogen: For postmenopausal women, vaginal application of estrogen can help strengthen urinary tract tissues, improving symptoms of incontinence.

Every medication can have side effects, so it is essential that patients discuss options and risks with their health care providers.

3. Physical therapies

• Biofeedback: This therapy involves using sensors to provide real-time information about muscle tension and relaxation, helping individuals learn to control their pelvic floor muscles more effectively.
• Electrical stimulation: This treatment involves the application of small electrical currents to stimulate the pelvic floor muscles and improve their function. This can help strengthen muscles and improve bladder control.
• Physiotherapy: Specialized pelvic floor physical therapists can offer personalized treatment plans that may include manual therapy, muscle reeducation, and training on proper body mechanics.

4. Alternative treatments

• Pessaries: These are devices inserted into the vagina to support the bladder and pelvic organs, relieving stress incontinence. Pessaries come in different shapes and sizes and must be fitted by a healthcare professional.
• Urethral inserts: These are small devices that are inserted into the urethra before activities that may cause leaks and can be removed afterward. They can be a temporary solution for active people.
• Tesla chair: This is a European CE approved chair for the pelvic area for incontinence repair. It helps weakened pelvic floor muscles and urinary incontinence through functional magnetic stimulation (FMS). This therapy is suitable for all types of urinary and fecal incontinence. The magnetic field travels through the clothing and skin of your body. It is used for muscle strengthening of the glutes, abdomen, hamstrings, arms and pelvic floor areas.

Dr Purvi Khatari said: “Non-surgical treatments for urinary incontinence can significantly improve the quality of life of those affected. From behavioral therapies to medications and physical treatments, there are multiple avenues to explore. It is essential that individuals engage in open discussions with their gynecologist to determine the most appropriate and effective combination of these interventions. With the right approach, many people can find relief from their urinary incontinence and regain control of their lives.

Disclaimer: This article is provided for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your doctor with any questions you may have regarding a health problem.