The physical signs of shedding begin when leaves change color and begin to fall from trees. This transformation is triggered by shorter daylight hours and cooler temperatures.

The process of leaves changing color is often called “fall foliage.” But what exactly is happening scientifically to bring about this change?

The green color of leaves comes from a pigment called chlorophyll, produced during photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy, producing oxygen. However, when the leaves’ water supply is cut off, photosynthesis slows and eventually stops.

As a result, chlorophyll production stops and the green color fades or decomposition begins. This allows other pigments in the leaf, such as carotenoids (which produce yellow and orange hues) and anthocyanins (which create red and purple hues), to become more visible.

This beautiful transformation gives us the vibrant colors of fall that we all love!